wilson



, 5 Sheets-Sheet l. J WI L S O N.

FILTER (No Model.)

,260. PatentedJ'une 28, 1898.

Inventor Wb'marwemr M 'QJUM THE ba ms PUERS 00v, muraumu. msmnuvou. n, c,

" 5 Sheets-Sheet 2. J. WILSON.

FILTER.

(No Model.)

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Patented June 28, 1898.

J. WILSON. FILTER.

(No Model.)

5 Sheets-Sheet 4.

(N0 Model.)

3. WILSON.

FILTER.

No. 606,260. Patented June 28,1898.

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m: humus PETERS do. PHOTO-L|7HO., WASHINGTON, n. c

(No Model.) 1 5 SheetsSheet 5.

J'. WILSON.

FILTER.

NO. 606,260. 6 Patented June 28,1898.

lhvrrnn STATES JAMES WILSON, OFIONDON, ENGLAND.

FILTER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 606,260, dated June 28, 1898.

Application filed February 14, 1898. Serial No. 670,303. (No model.)

To ctZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known-that I, JAMES WILSON, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain, residing at 11 Grove avenue, St. Annes Hill, VVandsworth, London,- in; the countyof Surrey, Eng land, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Filters, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to filters in which filter-beds of granular material are employed and in which such filter-beds are fromtime to time cleansed by reversing the flow of liquid, and thereby breaking up the bed and washing the material of which it is composed. Such a filter is described in the specification of United States Patent No. 574,5l1,'dated January 5, 1897. A 1

To receive the filter-bed, Iprovide a frame which by longitudinal and transverse partif .ted under a sufficient pressure to the space beneath the cells. It compresses the air in this space and in the cells until the air bursts through the filter-bed,the air confined ineach cell being driven through that individual section of the bed which the cell contains. The

air and water cleanse the bed uniformly over its entire area. Pipes are provided also to supply the washing liquid to each individual cell, the pipes passing through the walls of the cells either above or below the perforated plates. The liquid issues in jets from openings in the pipes and aids in disturbing the bed of granular material.

I insure the ventilation of the space beneath the filter-bed by providing valves in the Walls which stand open while filtration is going on, but close automatically to admit of the Washing of the filtenbed. 7 4 p Above the filter-bed, to prevent the granular material of which the bed is composed be- Figure 1 is a plan of a complete apparatus embodyin g these improvements. This apparatus is of the class in which a separate sup- .ply ofclean water is provided for washing the filter. Fig. 2 L is a front elevation of the same. Fig. 3 is a vertical section on the line 3 3, Fig. 1, a few parts at the bottom of the figure being shown in elevation. Fig; 4 is a .verticalsectionon the line4 4, Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a plan, and Fig. 6 a vertical section, of a modified form of screen. v

Clean water from a tank containing such Water or other suitable source for Washing the filter-bed enters by'the ball-cock a into the small cistern 0. and flows by the valve a into the large cistern at until the rise of the float a which is connected to the valve o by the lever a pivoted at a, lowers and closes the valve. Water then continues to enter the cistern 0. until the ball a. rises and closes the cook a, cutting olf the supply, the cisterns a and a being now both full and remaining so until emptied, as hereinafter described.

a is an overflow-pipe from the cistern a The impure water, sewage, or other liquid .tobe filtered enters by the pipe 1), past the valve 1), into the small tank 11?, and overflowing into the perforatedtrough is delivered into the perforated trough, if, from which it t] ows in fine streams onto the filter-bed,splashin g being prevented by the plate 12 I The water is thus aerated before being filtered, which is desirable.

c is a perforated plate resting on the top ofthe casting a, and c is a second casting similar to c and resting on the plate 0. y

c are a number of parallel semicircular perforated pipes resting on the plate c and passing completely across it, the casting 6 having semicircular notches cut in the bottoms of one set of its plates to allow of this. The pipes 0 open at one end into the chamber (1 which extends along the whole length of one side of the vessel d. The filtering material a rests on the plate 0 and pipes a completely filling the cells of the casting c and extending some way above it.

Beneath the casting c is a sloping bottom (1 leading to the delivery-pipe 01 which is provided with a valve 61 (See Fig 3.) After filtration has proceeded for some time the filter-bed becomes partially choked and is no longer able to filter the water as quickly as it is supplied by the pipe I and the level of the water above the filter-bed therefore rises and ultimately starts the small automatic siphon e, which draws water from above the filter-bed and delivers it by the pipe 6 into the tank 6 This tank contains a float 8 which, rising, allows the valve Z) to fall, the two being connected by the bell-crank lever a, cord a bell-crank lever a, cord a", lever 6 and cord 6". The supply of dirty water is therefore now cut off. The siphon 6, being a small one, does not rapidly draw off the water from above the filter-bed and filtration proceeds, thereby saving a considerable amount of water which was wasted in the former apparatus. After a time, however, water overflows from the-tank e into the tank f, lifting the float f in it.

f is a lever pivoted at f 5 and resting on the top of the float f. It is connected bya rod f to the arm of the outlet-valve d, which is therefore now closed. The lever f is also connected by the rod and cord f to the lever f which is at right angles to the lever a and is pivoted at f On the cord f being slack- .ened the weight f pulls down the other arm lifting the valve a off its seat and causing a sudden rush of water from the cistern a into the cistern a raising the level of the water in the latter and starting the automatic siphon g, which draws the Water out of the cistern a and delivers it by the pipe 9 into the chamber d and also by a continuation g of the pipe g into the space above the bottom d Jets of water therefore are forced through .the perforations in the pipes .0 into the filtering material, while at the same time the air contained in the cells of the casting c and the space beneath it is forced upward through it. This air raises and separates the particles of filtering material, so that theyare thoroughly washed.

h is a movable screen, of wire-gauze or canvas orother suitable material fixed on a frame, pivoted at h and having at its top a float or floats 7L2. 4 This screen, while permitting the water to pass, keeps back the filtering ma- 'terial. The scum and froth pass over the top of the-screen. As the water-level above the filter-bed rises the large siphon j is started, which delivers the water by the pipe j into the tank f. Hitherto the water delivered into the tanks 6 and f by the siphon c has been able to escape over the lower part of the weir f but the greatly-increased flow now raises the level sufficiently to start the siphons 7c and Z. WVhen the cistern a has emptied and the water above the filter-bed has been drawn oif,the siphons 7t and Z empty the tanks 6 and f, so lowering the floats c and f, opening the valves 1) and (Z and filtration recommences. The clean water in the chamber (1 pipes c and the hollow bottom d flows out at the filtered-water-delivery valve d.

d is a hole to enable the chamber (1 to drain completely dry. The cisterns a and a again fill and everything is as before.

m m are flap air-valves, their seats being set at a slight angle, so that they are normally open, but are closed when the rush of washing-water comes.

a is an air-pipe connected to the pipe 9, so that there is a constant circulation of air below the filter-bed.

In place of using a pivoted screen a fixed screen may be employed. Preferably this is arranged so as to extend around three sides of the filter-bed, as shown in plan at Fig. 5 and in vertical section at Fig. 6. In these figures, 0 is a frame covered with vertical sheets of canvas, wire-gauze, or the like, and p is a passage between the screen and the sides of the vessel d for the escape of the water passing through the screens.

WVhat I claim is 1. The combination of a series of cells, afilter-bed occupying the top portion of the cells, means for supplying liquid to be filtered to the upper side thereof, means for withdrawing the filtered liquid from its under side, means for supplying washing liquid beneath the cells and an air-valve below the cell.

2. The combination of a series of cells, a filter-bed occupying the top portion of the cells, means for supplying liquid to be filtered to the 'upper side thereof, means for withdrawing the filtered liquid from its under side, means for supplying washing liquid beneath the cells, perforated pipes traversing the cells beneath the filter-bed, and means for supplying washing liquid to the pipes.

3. The combination of a filter-bed, means for supplying liquid to be filtered to the upper side thereof, means for withdrawing the filtered liquid from its under side, means for supplying washing liquid beneath its under side and a hinged screen above it allowing the washing liquid to pass but retaining the filtering material.

4. The combination of a filter-bed, means for supplying liquid to be filtered to the upper side thereof, means for withdrawing the filtered liquid from its under side, a tank beneath the filter-bed, an automatic siphon which discharges liquid when it accumulates above the filter-bed into the tank, a float in the tank, means operated by the float for on tting off the supply of unfiltered liquid, a second tank beneath the filter-bed, an overflow from the first tank leading into the second, a float in the second tank, means operated by this float for supplying washing liquid to the under side of the filter-bed, and means for emptying the tanks.

5. The combination of aseries of cells, a filter-bed occupying the top portion of the cells, means for supplying liquid to be filtered to the upper side thereof, means for withdrawing the filtered liquid from its under side, a tank beneath the filter-bed, an automatic siphon which discharges liquid when it accumulates above the filter-bed into the tank, a float in the tank, means operated by the float for-cuttingo'lf the supply of unfiltered liquid, a second tank beneath the filter-bed, an overflow from the first tank leading into the second, a float in the second tank, means operated by this float for supplying Washing liquid to the under side of the filter-bed, and means for emptying the tanks.

6. The combination of a series of cells, a filter-bed occupying the top portion of the cells, means for supplying liquid to be filtered to the upper side thereof, means for withdrawing the filtered liquid from its under side,

means for supplying washing liquid beneath its under side and a hinged screen above it allowing the washing liquid to pass but retaining the filtering material.

7. The combination of a filter-bed, means i for supplying liquid to be filtered to the upper side thereof, means for Withdrawing the filtered liquid from its under-side, a tank beneath the filter-bed, an automatic siphon which discharges liquid when it accumulates above the filter-bed into the tank, a screen above the filter-bed and between it and the siphon, a float in the tank, means operated by the float for cutting ofl the supply of unfiltered liquid, a second tank beneath the filter-bed, an overflow from the first tank leading into the second, a float in the second tank, means operated by this float for supplying Washing liquid to the under side of the filter-bed, and means for emptying the tanks.

p 8. The combination of a series of cells, a filter-bed occupying the top portion of the cells, means for supplying liquid to be filtered to the upper side thereof, means for Withdrawing the filtered liquid from its under side, a tank beneath the filter-bed, an automatic siphon which discharges liquid when it accumulates above the filter-bed into the tank, a screen above the filter and between it and the siphon, a float in the tank, means operated by the float for cutting 01f the supply of unfiltered liquid, a second tank beneath the filter-bed,

an overflow from the first tank leading into the second, a float in the second tank, means operated by this float for supplying washing liquid to the under side of the filter-bed, and means for emptying the tanks.

9. The combination of a filtenbed, means for supplying liquid to be filtered to the upper side thereof, means for withdrawing the filtered liquid from its under side, a tank beneath the filter-bed, an automatic siphon which discharges liquid when it accumulates above the filter-bed into the tank, a float in the tank, means operated by the float for outing off the supply of unfiltered liquid, a second tank beneath the filter-bed, an overflow from thefirst tank leading into the second, a float in the second tank, means operated by this float for supplying washing liquid to the under side of the filter-bed, means for emptying the tanks, a second siphon at a higher level than the first discharging liquid from above the filter-bed into the second tank,

an overflow from the second tank, and siphons in the tanks at such a height relatively to the overflow that they come into operation only when the second siphon discharges.

10. The combination of a series of cells, a filter-bed occupying the top portion of the cells, means for supplying liquid to be filtered to the upper side thereof, means for Withdrawing the filtered liquid from its under side, a tank beneath the filter-bed, an automatic siphon which discharges liquid when it accumulates above the filter-bed into the tank, a floatin the tank, means operated by the float for cutting off the supply of unfiltered liquid, a second tank beneath the filter-bed, an overflow from the first tank leading into the second, a float in the second tank, means operated by this float for supplying washing liquid to the under side of the filter-bed, means for emptying the tanks, a second siphon at a higher level than the first discharging liquid from above the filter-bed into the second tank, an overflow from the second tank, and siphons in the tanks at such a height relatively to the overflow that they come into operation only when the second siphon discharges.

11. The combination of a filter-bed, means for supplying liquid to be filtered to the upper side thereof, means for withdrawing the filtered liquid from its under side, a tank beneath the filterbed, an automatic siphon which discharges liquid when it accumulates above the filter-bed into the tank, a screen above the filter-bed and between it and the siphon, a float in the tank, means operated by the float for cutting off the supply of. unfiltered liquid, a second tank beneath the filter-bed, an overflow from the first tank leading into the second, a float in the second tank, means operated by this float for sup,-

IIO

plying washing liquid to the under side of the filter-bed, means for emptying the tanks, a second siphon at a higher level than the first discharging liquid from above the filter-bed into the second tank, an overflow from the second tank, and siphons in the tanks at such a height relatively to the overflow that they come into operation only when the second siphon discharges.

12. The combination of aseries of cells, a filter-bed occupying the top portion of the cells, means for-supplying liquid to be filtered to the upper side thereof, means for withdrawing the filtered liquid from its under side, a tank beneath the filter-bed, an automatic siphon which discharges liquid when it accumulates above the filter-bed into the tank, a screen above the filter and between it and'the siphon, a float in the tank, means operated by the float for cutting off the supply of unfiltered liquid, a second tank beneath the filter-bed, an overflow from the first tank leading into the second, a float in the second tank, means operated by this float for supplying washing liquid to the under side of the filter-bed, means for emptying the tanks, a second siphon at a higher level than the first discharging liquid from above the filterbed into the second tank, an overflow from the second tank, and siphons in the tanks at such a height relatively to the overflow that they come into operation only when the second siphon discharges.

13. The combination of a series of cells, a filter-bed occupying the top portion of the cells, perforated pipes traversing the cells beneath the filter-bed, means for supplying liquid to be filtered to the upper side thereof, means for withdrawing the filtered liquid from its under side, a tank beneath the filterbed, an automatic siphon which discharges liquid when it accumulates above the filterbed into the tank, a float in the tank, means operated by the float for cutting off the supply of unfiltered liquid, a second tank beneath the filter-bed, an overflow from the first tank leading into the second, a float in the second tank, means operated by this float for supplying washing liquid to the under side of the cells and to the perforated pipes, and means for emptying the tanks.

l-l. The combination of a series of cells, a filter-bed occupying the top portion of the cells, means for supplying liquid to be filtered to the upper side thereof, means for withdrawing the filtered liquid from its underside, means for supplying washing liquid beneath the cells, perforated pipes traversing the cells beneath the filter-bed, means for supplying washing liquid to the pipes, and a screen above the filter-bed allowing the washing liquid to pass but retaining the filtering material.

15. The combination of a series of cells, a filter-bed occupying the top portion of the cells, perforated pipes traversing the cells beneath the filter-bed, means for supplying liquid to be filtered to the upper side thereof, means for withdrawing the filtered liquid from its under side, a tank beneath the filterbed, an automatic siphon which discharges liquid when it accumulates above the filterbed into the tank, a screen above the filter and between it and the siphon, a float in the tank, means operated by the float for cutting off the supply of unfiltered liquid, a second tank beneath the filter-bed, an overflow from the first tank leading into the second, a float in the second tank, means operated by this float for supplying Washing liquid to the under side of the cells and to the perforated pipes, and means for emptying the tanks.

16. The combination of a series of cells, a filter-bed occupying the top portion of the cells, perforated pipes traversing the cells beneath the filter-bed, means for supplying liquid to be filtered to the upper side thereof, means for Withdrawing the filtered liquid from its under side, a tank beneath the filterbed, an automatic siphon which discharges liquid when it accumulates above the filterbed into the tank, a float in the tank, means operated by the float for cutting off the supply of unfiltered liquid, a second tank beneath the filter-bed, an overflow from the first tank leading into the second, a float in the second tank, means operated by this float for supplying washing liquid to the under side of the cells and to the perforated pipes, means for emptying the tanks, a second siphon at a higher level than the first discharging liquid from above the filter-bed into the second tank, an overflow from the second tank, and siphons in the tanks at such a height relatively to the overflow that they come into operation only when the second siphon discharges.

17. The combination of a series of cells, a filter-bed occupying the top portion of the cells, perforated pipes traversing thecells beneath the filter-bed, means for supplying liq uid to be filtered to the upper side thereof, means for withdrawing the filtered liquid from its under side, a tank beneath the filterbed, an automatic siphon which discharges liquid when it accumulates above the filterbed into the tank, a screen above the filter and between it and the siphon, a float in the tank, means operated by the float for cutting off the supply of unfiltered liquid, a second tank beneath the filter-bed, an overflow from the first tank leading into the second, a float in the second tank, means operated by this float for supplying washing liquid to the under side of the cells and to the perforated pipes, means for emptying the tanks, a second siphon at a higher level than the first discharging liquid from above the filter-bed into the second tank, an overflow from the second tank, and siphons in the tanks at such a height relatively to the overflow that they come into operation only when the second siphon discharges.

JAMES WILSON.

Witnesses:

FRED (J. HARRIS, FRED C. WEATHERBY. 

